What is Bipolar I? Types, Symptoms, and Treatment

Bipolar Disorder is a mental disorder that causes changes in mood, energy, and functionality. It can be categorized into three different conditions Bipolar I, Bipolar II, and Cyclothymic. People suffering from Bipolar disorder have extreme emotional states that occur at distinct times, also called as mood episodes. These mood episodes can further be categorized in manic, hypomanic, and depressive periods. Bipolar I disorder is discussed below.

Bipolar I Disorder

Those with Bipolar I disorder experience dramatic mood swings. During the manic episode, they might feel on top of the world or uncomfortably irritated. During depressive episode, they may feel sad or hopeless, with periods of normal moods in between of these episodes. Bipolar I can more easily be diagnosed when a person is experiencing a manic episode.
  • Manic Episode
    The manic episode is a period of at least one week when the person is very high spirited or is extremely irritated for an unknown reason. The person has more energy than usual and experiences any three of these:
    - Exaggerated self esteem
    - Less need of sleep
    - Talking quickly than usual
    - Easily being distracted
    - Increased risky behavior
    - Uncontrollable racing thoughts
  • Hypomanic Episodes
    This is similar to manic episode, but with a less of severity, and might last for four days in a row. Hypomanic episodes do not lead to the major issues that mania often causes.

  • Major Depressive episodes
    A major depressive episode might last up to two weeks in which the person has at least some of the following symptoms:
    Intense sadness
    - Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
    - Sleep problems,Restlessness
    - Changes in appetite
    - Loss of energy
    - Difficulty in concentrating
    - Suicidal thoughts
Treatment

Bipolar Disorder is treatable. Medication or a combination of talk therapy is often used to manage the disorder. People with bipolar disorder may need different medication and therapy before finding what works for them.

Medications, known as mood stabilizers, are commonly prescribed to someone who is bipolar. Psychotherapy is another kind of treatment in which the person speaks with a psychiatrist or psychologist to work out their issues, understanding the issues, and rebuild relationships. As bipolar disorder is a reoccurring illness, ongoing preventive treatments are recommended.

Since being bipolar can also cause serious disruptions in relationships, his or her family can also greatly benefit from professional help and support groups. These resources help families strategize on how to be an active part of the treatment and gain needed support for themselves.

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